555 Timer IC – Pinout, Specifications & Working Principle

24 June 202016 November 2020 admin 1 Comment 555 Timer Astable, 555 Timer Circuit, 555 Timer IC Equivalent IC, 555 Timer Monostable, Applications, Equivalent, Features, ic 555, ic 555 pin diagram, NE555 Timer IC, Pin Configuration, Pin Diagram, Pinout, Specifications, Working Principle

Introduction

555 Timer IC one of the most popular and most used ICs of all time. This IC was designed by Hans R in 1971. Camenzind. This IC can be used as a time delay, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element among other applications.

IC Pin Configuration

NE 555 timer IC Pin Diagram/Pinout/Pin Configuration

Pin Number	Pin Name	Pin Description
1	Ground	The ground reference voltage (zero volts).
2	Trigger	Pin-2 is a trigger pin that is Responsible for the transition of the flip-flop from set to reset. The 555 timer OUT Pin goes high and a timing interval starts when the trig pin input voltage falls below ½ of CONTROL voltage. So simply we can say that The output of the timer depends on the amplitude of the external trigger pulse that is applied to the trigger pin
3	Output	Pin-3 is an output pin, which is normally connected to a load. There are two ways in which a load can be connected to the output terminal. .1. The load connected between output and ground supply pin is called the normally on load. 2. The load connected between output and ground pin is called the normally offload.
4	Reset	pin-4 is the reset terminal, which is used to disable or reset the timer. When a negative pulse is applied to pin 4 then IC becomes reset or disable. Hence if this pin is not to be used for reset purposes, it should be connected to + VCC to avoid any possibility of false triggering.
5	Control	Pin-5 is the control voltage pin. It provides access to the internal voltage divider (2⁄3 VCC by default). This pin used to control the pulse width of the output waveform and also the levels of threshold and trigger. In most applications this pin is not used, this time it should be connected to ground through a 10 nF (0.01µF) capacitor to avoid any noise problem.
6	Threshold	Pin-6 is the threshold pin, This is the non-inverting input terminal of comparator 2, the timing (OUT high) interval ends when the voltage at this pin is greater than the voltage at the CONTROL pin. The set state of the flip-flop can depend on the amplitude of the threshold pin.
7	Discharge	Pin-7 is the discharge pin, it’s can be used to discharge a capacitor between intervals, in phase with output.
8	Supply	Pin-8 is the voltage supply pin, the applied voltage on this pin usually between + 5 V to + 18V with respect to ground (pin 1).

Operating Modes of 555 Timer IC

555 timer operating modes are astable, bistable, and monostable.

Astable Mode :

In this mode the output pin produced rectangular pulses having a specific frequency. This astable mode circuit is implemented using two Resistor R1, R2, and one capacitor C. The output frequency depends on the value of R1, R2, and C.When the voltage is applied to the circuit, the capacitor continuously gets charged through two resistors and generates pulses continuously. In this circuit the control pin is not used, it is connected to ground through a 10 nF capacitor to avoid electrical noise. The frequency calculation is shown in the below figure.

NE 555 timer IC Astable Mode Circuit Diagram

Monostable Mode :

In this mode, the 555 Timer IC output pin generates only a single pulse. The 555 Timer IC output pulse ends when the voltage on the capacitor equals 2⁄3 of the supply voltage. This Pulse width can depend on the adjusting values of the resistor and capacitor. capacitor If an activating pulse is applied to the i/p of the circuit through a push-button, then the capacitor gets charged and the timer circuit extends a high pulse, then it remains high until the capacitor totally discharges.

The output pulse width of time t is given by

t = ln(3) . R . C

Where
t is in seconds (time),
R is in ohms (resistance),
C is in farads (capacitance),
ln(3) is the natural log of 3 constant

NE 555 timer IC Monostable Mode Circuit Diagram

Bistable Mode :

In Bistable mode, the output pin produces 2-stable state signals which are LOW and HIGH. The output waveform is controlled by the trigger and reset inputs of the 555 timer IC. These pins are held “HIGH” using the two pull-up resistors, R1 and R2. When the switch is connected to set position than trigger input is “LOW” and as a result, the output set into “HIGH”. Similarly when the switch is connected to the set position then reset input is “LOW” and as a result, the output set into “LOW”.

Features of the 555 timer IC

Parameter	Value
Supply voltage (V_CC)	4.5 to 15 V
Supply current (V_CC = +5 V)	3 to 6 mA
Supply current (V_CC = +15 V)	10 to 15 mA
Output current (maximum)	200 mA
Maximum Power dissipation	600 mW
Power consumption (minimum operating)	30 mW@5V, 225 mW@15V
Operating temperature	0 to 75 °C

555 Timer IC Equivalent

NE555, LM555, NE556, LM556,

Applications

Pulse generation
Pulse Width Modulation
Time Delay Generation
Precision Timing
Sequential Timing circuits

555 Timer IC – Pinout, Specifications & Working Principle

Introduction

IC Pin Configuration