Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor with Arduino | Ultrasonic Sensor Arduino Code

Hello friends! Welcome back to ElectroDuino. This tutorial is base on the Interfacing Ultrasonic sensor with Arduino. After understanding the “Ultrasonic Sensor Module-HC-SR04 | How it’s Works” in the previous blog. Here we will discuss Introduction to Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor with Arduino, how the ultrasonic sensor connects with the Arduino circuit diagram and the ultrasonic sensor Arduino code. Also, we will learn how to measure the distance using this Sensor.

Introduction

In this project, we are going to make a distance measuring device using the ultrasonic sensor and Arduino, which can measure distance in the range of 2 cm to 400 cm. Using this project we can easily understand how the ultrasonic sensor works. When any object or obstacle comes in front of the sensor then the sensor measure distance between the object or obstacle and it. Then print the measuring distance on the Serial Monitor window of the Arduino IDE.

Components Required 

Ultrasonic Sensor Pin Diagram

How to Connect Ultrasonic Sensor with Arduino

First of all, we need to connect the Vcc pin to the Arduino 5v pin and the GND pin is connected to the Arduino ground (GND) pin, to activate the sensor. Then connect the Trig pin to a digital pin of Arduino and set this pin as an output to generate ultrasonic waves from the transmitter. The Echo pin is connected to another digital pin of Arduino and sets this pin as an Input to read the output value from the Ultrasonic sensor.

Ultrasonic Sensor with Arduino Circuit Diagram

Circuit Wiring

The following table represents the pin connection between the Ultrasonic sensor and Arduino.

How Arduino Measure Distance using Ultrasonic Sensor

At first, We need to trigger the ultrasonic Sensor for 10 microseconds to generate ultrasonic wave from the transmitter part. If any object comes in front of the sensor detection range. Then the ultrasonic wave reflects back from the object surface to the receiver part. When the receiver receives the wave then the Eco pin provides high output. Now the Arduino read the time duration between triggering and Receiving the wave by the sensor.

Then Arduino calculate the distance between the sensor and object by a simple formula

Distance= (Ultrasonic wave travel time x Speed of sound)/2

Where the speed of sound in Air is around 340 meters/second or 0.034cm/µs.

In this way, Arduino measures distance using the Ultrasonic sensor.

Ultrasonic Sensor Arduino Code

/* interfacing ultrasonic sensor with Arduino
by sourav
www.electroduino.com */

int trigpin = 3;
int echopin = 4;

long duration;
int distance;

void setup()
{
pinMode(trigpin,OUTPUT);
pinMode(echopin,INPUT);
Serial.begin (9600);
}

void loop()
{

digitalWrite(trigpin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);

digitalWrite(trigpin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigpin,LOW);

duration = pulseIn(echopin,HIGH);

distance = duration*0.034/2;

Serial.print("distance:");
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");
delay(500);

}

Code Analysis

Here we will describe the code line by line for your better understanding.

Output:

using this project u can calculate the distance between the sensor and an object and print the distance value on the serial monitor.